The International Day of Persons with Disabilities, observed annually on December 3, serves as a global reminder of the challenges faced by persons with disabilities and the importance of fostering an inclusive society. Established by the United Nations in 1992, the day encourages people worldwide to reflect on the rights and opportunities available to those with disabilities. The day is about raising awareness and driving action for greater inclusivity, accessibility, and equality. It plays a crucial role in challenging the social stigma, breaking down barriers to equal participation, and ensuring that PWDs are given the support they need to lead independent lives. The day holds particular significance in Jammu and Kashmir, a region marked by ongoing conflict, rugged terrain, and frequent natural disasters. These factors have led to a higher incidence of disabilities, with both physical and psychological disabilities being prevalent. While the challenges faced by PWDs are global, the circumstances in J&K make this day even more pertinent as the region grapples with the dual burden of conflict and natural calamities. Recognising the pressing need for support and empowerment of persons with disabilities, efforts like Udaan School, a unique initiative by the Indian Army, are providing much-needed hope and opportunities to the differently-abled population of the region. Udaan School, with its holistic approach to education and rehabilitation, is a beacon of hope for the differently-abled in J&K, offering them a chance to lead independent and fulfilling lives.

Jammu and Kashmir is a region characterised by socio-political complexities, challenging geography, and frequent natural disasters. These factors have compounded the challenges faced by persons with disabilities. The armed conflict that has plagued the region for decades has resulted in numerous injuries, many of which lead to permanent disabilities, such as amputations, spinal injuries, and traumatic brain injuries. Psychological disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder, have also emerged as significant concerns, particularly among children and adults who have witnessed violence or been displaced by the conflict. The 2014 floods in J&K added another layer of trauma, as they affected thousands of families and left many with disabilities caused by drowning, building collapses, and accidents related to debris. These challenges underscore the need for a comprehensive approach to addressing the needs of persons with disabilities in the region. Such an approach should not only focus on physical rehabilitation but also on mental health support, educational opportunities, and employment prospects. Despite these hardships, the region’s social infrastructure has often been insufficient to meet the needs of PWDs, leaving them marginalised and isolated. In addition to the physical disabilities resulting from violence and natural disasters, persons with disabilities in J&K also face societal and systemic barriers that limit their ability to access education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. According to the 2011 Census, about 2.2% of India’s population lives with some form of disability, but in regions like J&K, the incidence is likely higher due to the impact of conflict. Even so, the region’s infrastructure has often been inadequate in supporting these individuals, making it even more difficult for them to lead independent, fulfilling lives.

The International Day of Persons with Disabilities reminds us of the urgent need for inclusive policies and action. It aims to highlight the challenges that people with disabilities face and promote the importance of building an inclusive society that values the dignity of all its members. The theme for the 2024 IDPD, “Amplifying the leadership of persons with disabilities for an inclusive and sustainable future”, emphasises the vital role that persons with disabilities play in creating a more inclusive and sustainable world for all. In J&K, the gap in accessibility is most visible in critical areas such as education, healthcare, and employment. While efforts to integrate children with disabilities into mainstream schools have been made, there are still significant challenges in terms of access to education for children with disabilities. The educational system needs more trained teachers, adequate facilities, and limited resources. Special schools for persons with disabilities do exist, but access to them is often restricted to urban areas, leaving children in rural and remote regions without adequate educational opportunities. The lack of accessible healthcare is another challenge. The region’s healthcare infrastructure is already stretched due to its challenging terrain and limited resources. For persons with disabilities, healthcare becomes even more difficult to access. Many hospitals and clinics need more infrastructure, such as ramps, specialised medical equipment, and trained medical professionals. Furthermore, mental health services are minimal, which exacerbates the psychological burden faced by PWDs in the region. In terms of employment, while there are government provisions to provide jobs for persons with disabilities, the implementation is often insufficient, leaving many people with disabilities without work or career advancement opportunities. Additionally, J&K’s public spaces, transportation, and buildings in J&K lack accessibility features like ramps, elevators, or braille signage. These challenges make it difficult for PWDs to participate fully in public life and society, isolating them and contributing to a sense of marginalisation.

One of the most significant initiatives that aligns with the goals of the International Day of Persons with Disabilities is Udaan School, launched by the Indian Army under Operation Sadbhavana in 2010. Located in Drugmulla Tehsil of Kupwara district, Udaan School was conceived as part of the Army’s efforts to uplift marginalised communities in the region, primarily focusing on the differently-abled children in Kupwara, a district with over 39,000 persons with disabilities. Before the establishment of Udaan School, there were limited resources and facilities available to differently-abled individuals in the region, and they were often left out of the social and educational mainstream. Udaan School, as a pioneering initiative, represents the Army’s commitment to defence and security and to the social welfare of the people in the region. This school goes beyond conventional education by offering both academic learning and rehabilitation services. It is the only facility of its kind in North Kashmir, and it has been providing a nurturing environment for children with special needs. The school’s approach is about education and equipping children with life skills, helping them gain independence and integrate into society more effectively. The success of Udaan School serves as a beacon of hope, demonstrating the positive impact of such initiatives and the potential for similar efforts to address the needs of persons with disabilities in J&K.

Udaan School stands out because of its holistic approach to education and rehabilitation. The school’s informal layout, resembling a home environment more than a traditional institutional setting, creates a welcoming and nurturing atmosphere for children. This environment is crucial for the emotional and psychological well-being of the children, providing them with a sense of safety and security. The school offers specialised training in daily living skills, helping children learn essential tasks like personal hygiene and sanitation practices. These practical skills promote self-reliance and prepare the students for independent living. The school also features a Physiotherapy Lab equipped with specialised equipment such as physiotherapy, Braille, and audiometers to assist children with physical impairments. These facilities are crucial in improving the children’s mobility, strength, and overall quality of life. Beyond education and rehabilitation, Udaan School has a broader impact on the community. The Army has prioritised involving the local community in the school’s activities, fostering a sense of ownership and collaboration. The school organises counselling sessions for parents, recreational activities for children, and celebrates national and religious festivals, which helps to strengthen community bonds and promote social inclusion. The local administration and the people of Kupwara have widely recognised Udaan School as a beacon of hope for differently-abled children and their families.

The Army’s efforts through Udaan School are not confined to education and rehabilitation. The Indian Army is exploring partnerships with NGOs to upgrade the school’s infrastructure and expand its facilities. The school is now registered as a society under the Jammu and Kashmir Persons with Disabilities Act of 1998, a significant step toward sustainability and growth. Plans include collaborating with qualified trainers who can provide specialised instruction tailored to the specific needs of the children. Additionally, the Army is looking to establish referral facilities with local hospitals and skilled doctors to ensure the children receive the necessary medical care based on their conditions. The partnership with NGOs and collaboration with local government authorities will help secure the financial and logistical support required to sustain and expand the school’s operations. This multi-pronged approach, combining military resources, NGO expertise, and government support, creates a robust model for the long-term success of Udaan School. Udaan School embodies the spirit of the IDPD by providing essential services to a vulnerable population that has long been neglected. The school’s focus on education and rehabilitation makes it a model of inclusive development, demonstrating the potential of innovative solutions to address the needs of persons with disabilities, particularly in conflict-affected regions like Jammu and Kashmir. Through initiatives like Udaan School, the Indian Army is making a lasting impact on the lives of differently-abled children in North Kashmir. The school offers education and a pathway to independence and integration into society. It is a testament to the Army’s belief in the transformative power of education and rehabilitation in building a more inclusive and equitable society. In a region where conflict, natural disasters, and rugged terrain have created significant barriers for persons with disabilities, Udaan School is a symbol of hope and empowerment. It highlights that even in the most challenging circumstances, progress is possible through collaboration, innovation, and a commitment to inclusivity. In conclusion, the International Day of Persons with Disabilities in Jammu and Kashmir is a reminder of the challenges faced by PWDs and an opportunity to showcase efforts like Udaan School that aim to address these challenges and create a more accessible and inclusive society. By continuing to invest in such initiatives, we can ensure that persons with disabilities in J&K and worldwide are given the tools, opportunities, and support they need to live fulfilling lives and contribute to their communities